Reduced ignition propensity smoking article with a polysaccharide treated wrapper

ABSTRACT

A smoking article having reduced ignition propensity is disclosed. The smoking article includes a tobacco column, a wrapper surrounding the tobacco column and a filter element. The wrapper has a base permeability, an untreated area and a least one discrete area treated with a composition to reduce the base permeability. The treated area is treated with a composition initially comprising a permeability reducing substance initially dissolved in a non-derivatizing solvent mixture initially comprising a solvent component and at least one ingredient that as part of the solvent mixture is a self-association disruptor for the permeability reducing substance. The discretely treated area interacts with a coal of a burning tobacco firecone as it advances to self-extinguish the smoking article. The composition of the treated area includes a permeability reducing substance.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates generally to a wrapper for asmoking article to create a reduced ignition propensity (IP) smokingarticle and, more particularly, to a smoking article having the abilityto freeburn in a static state and reduced IP. Under some circumstancescigarettes may ignite fire-prone substrates if the article is laid oraccidentally contacts the substrate. Therefore, a cigarette preparedfrom a wrapper, which diminishes the ability of the article to ignite asubstrate, may have the desirable effect of reducing cigarette-initiatedfires. Furthermore, a wrapper that concurrently confers on the cigarettethe ability to freeburn in a static state and reduced IP characterallows a beneficial reduction in the tendency of the article to ignitefire-prone substrates while maintaining consumer acceptability.

[0002] Cigarette manufacturers have struggled to create a cigarette thathas reduced IP and consumer acceptable attributes particularly wrapperappearance and the ability to freeburn in the static state. Technologiesthat appear to provide such cigarettes are described in the patentliterature. Cigarettes claiming to possess reduced IP are commerciallyavailable.

[0003] A factor that manufacturers consider in preparing a smokingarticle having reduced IP is whether currently used processes andequipment will remain substantially unchanged. A method for preparing areduced IP paper involves the addition of elaborate equipment on aconventional papermaking machine. A water-based suspension, such ascellulose fibers or particles in water, is sprayed from angular movingnozzles moving at an angle to a continuously forming moist web. Thisapproach involves the coordinated angular movement of the spray nozzleand the about 400 feet per minute moving web to create spaced apartbands transverse to the web. The above-mentioned technology suffers froma number of deficiencies which limits consumer acceptability, IPreduction, and ease of manufacture. The technology requires expensiveadd-on equipment including a spray nozzle system and associated slurrydistribution system, pressure regulating system, and a means forcarefully synchronizing the angular material distribution system withthe underlying papermaking machine.

[0004] The reduced consumer acceptable properties of the preparedcigarettes are due to factors including reduced ability of the cigaretteto freeburn in the static state, poor ash appearance, and variable tasteprofile.

[0005] The poor IP reduction performance achieved by cigarettes preparedwith wrappers made using this technology is believed to be caused by anumber of factors including difficulty in depositing an even layer ofthe permeability reducing slurry, low efficiency of the slurry to reducethe permeability of the underlying web, and poor reproducibility causedby fanning out of the sprayed material.

[0006] One commercial product claiming to possess reduced IP ischaracterized by a tendency to extinguish when left burning in thestatic state, that is reduced freeburn. The article displays anundesirable taste when relit after being extinguished. Thus, althoughthe cigarette may possess the reduced IP, the reduced freeburn propertydecreases consumer acceptability of the article.

[0007] Other factors affecting consumer acceptability are productappearance, including pleasing and consistent wrapper appearance and ashcharacter. Moreover, it is important that the construction of thesmoking article exhibit a reasonable shelf life while maintainingreduced IP.

[0008] Thus, there remains a need for a new and improved wrapper andsmoking article having reduced IP and sufficient free burn. Also, thereremains a need for a new and improved method for making a wrapper thatcan be used to create a smoking article having reduced IP and sufficientfreeburn.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The present invention is directed to a smoking article havingreduced IP. The smoking article includes a tobacco column, a wrappersurrounding the tobacco column and, optionally, a filter element. Thewrapper has a base permeability, an untreated area and a least onediscrete area treated with a composition to reduce the basepermeability. The discretely treated area interacts with the coal of aburning tobacco firecone as it advances to self-extinguish the smokingarticle if the smoking article is left on a surface and causes thecigarette not to ignite the surface.

[0010] The tendency of a cigarette to self-extinguish or not ignitesurfaces can be measured by the use of IP tests such as those publishedby the Consumer Products Safety Commission and developed by the NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology (NIST) or the American Society ofTesting and Materials (ASTM). See Ohlemiller, T. J. et al., “TestMethods for Quantifying the Propensity of Cigarettes to Ignite SoftFurnishings. Volume 2.,” NIST SP 851; Volume 2; 166 pages [Alsoincludes: Cigarette Extinction Test Method, see pp. 153-160] August 1993available from: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC20207 as order number: PB94-108644 the subject matter of which is hereinincorporated by reference. One NIST IP test, the “cotton duck test”,involves placing a smoldering cigarette on a test assembly composed of acellulosic fabric over a foam block. Variations of the test use fabricsof various weights and polyethylene sheet backing. A test failure occurswhen the fabric ignites. Another NIST IP test, the “filter paper test”,involves placing a smoldering cigarette on a test assembly composed oflayered filter paper sheets. Various forms of the test use 3, 10, and 15layered filter paper sheets. A successful test result occurs when thecigarette self extinguishes before the whole tobacco column is consumed.

[0011] The composition of the treated area includes a permeabilityreducing substance. Optionally, other substances in the treated area mayinclude one or more of a filler, a burn rate retarding substance, a burnrate accelerating substance and a flavor enhancing substance.

[0012] In a wrapper making process, the applied amount of thepermeability reducing substance is such as to give the desired freeburncharacter and IP reduction to a finished article made from the wrapper.The quantity and the concentration of the applied composition willdepend on factors including the absorbency of the web, polymerproperties of the permeability reducing substance, web moisture content,and the operating conditions of the application equipment.

[0013] The permeability reducing substance may be a pore fillingsubstance, a film forming substance or combination thereof. Thepermeability reducing substance may be a polymer and, preferably, apolysaccharide. Among the contemplated polysaccharides is cellulose,including cellulose from any source, including cotton linters, wood,paper, vegetable fiber, bacterial cellulose, regenerated cellulose,amorphous cellulose, and crystalline cellulose. The cellulose may bedispersible in a solvent mixture and, preferably, is soluble. Othercontemplated polysaccharides include starch, including various mixturesof amylose, amylopectin and dextrin, chitosan, chitosan derivatives,chitin, chitin derivatives, alginate, alginate derivatives andcombinations thereof. The polysaccharides are preferablynon-derivatized.

[0014] In one embodiment, the discretely treated area is acircumferential band about the body of the article. The band has asufficient width so as to deprive the coal of the burning tobaccofirecone of oxygen from behind a char line of the wrapper when thesmoking article is placed on a surface. That may be achieved by a bandwidth typically of at least about 3 millimeters.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the discretely treated areaincludes at least two bands spaced sufficiently to reduce the IP of thesmoking article. In this case, the two bands preferably have acenter-to-center spacing of between about 10 millimeters to about 30millimeters. The two bands may have a width of about 3 millimeters toabout 10 millimeters. A center-to-center spacing is preferably about 25millimeters.

[0016] The discretely treated area preferably has a thickness andproperties so a bobbin of the wrapper is useable in a commerciallyavailable smoking article manufacturing machine. Also, the discretelytreated area is preferably visually substantially the same as theuntreated area.

[0017] Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide apopulation of smoking articles having a reduced IP. Each smoking articlewithin the population includes a tobacco column, wrapper surroundingsaid tobacco column so that the smoking article includes an ignition endand a distal end, and at least one banded region, preferably at leasttwo spaced apart banded regions, between the ignition end and the distalend having a combustion characteristic substantially different from thatof a non-banded, untreated, region. A distance from the ignition end tothe at least one of the banded region of each smoking article may be oneof sequentially related, random, or quasi-random within the population.Examples of the population include a package of smoking articles and agrab sample of smoking articles.

[0018] In an embodiment, the distance from the ignition end to the atleast one of the banded region of each smoking article in the populationis at least one of sequentially related, random, and quasi-random.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the IP of the selected population isbetween about 50 and about 100 percent for the population.

[0020] The invention also provides a method of making a wrapper, ofmaking a smoking article having reduced IP, and a composition forapplication to a paper to make a wrapper and a smoking article.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The invention will be better understood after a reading of thefollowing description of the preferred embodiment when considered withthe drawings in which:

[0022]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a smoking article according anembodiment of the present invention;

[0023]FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the smoking article of FIG. 1;

[0024]FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bobbin of wrapper that may beused to make the smoking article of FIG. 1;

[0025]FIG. 4 is a plan view of a wrapper as might be accumulated in abobbin as shown in FIG. 3;

[0026]FIG. 5A is an example of a population of smoking articles having asubstantially random distance from the ignition end to the at least oneof the banded regions of each smoking article within the populationaccording an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027]FIG. 5B is an example of a population of smoking articles having aquasi random distance from the ignition end to the at least one of thebanded regions of each smoking article within the population accordingan embodiment of the present invention;

[0028]FIG. 5C is an example of a population of smoking articles having asequentially related distance from the ignition end to the at least oneof the banded regions of each smoking article within the populationaccording an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029]FIG. 6 is a schematic of a package of smoking articles of any ofFIG. 1, FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, and FIG. 5C; and

[0030]FIG. 7 shows ignition propensity for populations of cigarettes ofthe present invention compared to the prior art.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] Referring now to the drawings in general and FIG. 1 inparticular, it will be understood that the illustrations are for thepurpose of describing a preferred embodiment of the invention and arenot intended to limit the invention thereto. As best seen in FIG. 1, asmoking article 10 includes a tobacco column 12 surrounded by a wrapper14. The smoking article 10 may, as an option, include a filter element16 adjacent to the tobacco column 12 surrounded by the wrapper 14.

[0032]FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the smoking article 10 of FIG. 1including certain aspects relating to the wrapper 14, which is amodified cigarette paper. In particular, wrapper 14 includes untreatedareas 20 alternating with treated areas 22. Discrete areas 22 mayinclude a combination of substances that interact with the wrapper 14 tocreate the reduced IP smoking article 10. At least one of the substancesin treated area 22 includes a permeability reducing substance.Optionally, other substances in the treated area may include one or moreof a filler, a burn rate retarding substance, a burn rate acceleratingsubstance and a flavor enhancing substance. These substances interactwith each other and the wrapper paper 14 to create a wrapper that may beused to manufacture reduced IP smoking article 10.

[0033] The permeability reducing substance may be a polymer. The polymermay be any one of a natural polymer, a derivative of a natural polymer,a synthetic polymer, and a combination of any of the preceding.Applicants have found that polysaccharides are suitable as permeabilityreducing substances. The polysaccharides may be at least one of astarch, cellulose, chitosan, chitin, alginate, or a combination of anyof the preceding. Preferably, the polysaccharides are non-derivatized.Any polysaccharide that suitably reduces the permeability of the wrapperwould be appropriate for use as the permeability reducing substance.

[0034] Applicants believe that cellulose and starch would actparticularly well as permeability reducing substances. Applicants havefound that cellulose works particularly well as the permeabilityreducing substance when applied using a solvent mixture initiallycomprising an organic solvent component and at least one ingredient thatas part of the solvent mixture is a self-association disrupter forcellulose. Applicants believe that polysaccharides such as starch,cellulose, chitosan, chitin, alginate, and a combination of any of thepreceding may also work well as the permeability reducing substance whenapplied using a non-derivatizing solvent mixture initially comprising asolvent component and at least one ingredient that as part of thesolvent mixture is a self-association disrupter.

[0035] The solvent component may include at least one ofdimethylacetamide (DMAC) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). Synonyms fordimethylacetamide (DMAC) include N,N-dimethylacetamide; acetic acid,dimethylamide; dimethyl acetamide; acetdimethylamide; dimethylamideacetate; and acetyldimethylamine. Synonyms for N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP)include methylpyrrolidone; 1-methyl-5-pyrrolidinone;N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; 1-methylpyrrolidinone;N-methylpyrrolidinone and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone.

[0036] The ingredient is a self-association disrupter such as a salt,preferably one containing lithium, and more preferably, lithiumchloride.

[0037] An alternative solvent mixture for cellulose may initiallycomprise a 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide as the solvent component and wateras the at least one ingredient that is a self-association disruptor.Synonyms for 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide include 4-methylmorpholineN-oxide monohydrate; NMO monohydrate; and N-methyl morpholine-N-oxide.

[0038] A preferred system for applying polysaccharides to a wrapperaccording to the present invention includes a polysaccharide indimethylacetamide (DMAC) including lithium chloride (LiCl) substantiallyas described in: U.S. Pat. No. 4,302,252 entitled “Solvent System forCellulose” issued Nov. 24, 1981 in the name of Turbak et al.; U.S. Pat.No. 4,352,770 entitled “Process For Forming Shaped Cellulosic Product”issued Oct. 5, 1982 in the name of Turbak et al.; Maria Terbojevich etal. “Mesophase Formation and Chain Rigidity in Cellulose andDerivatives. 3. Aggregation of Cellulose inN,N-Dimethylacetamide-Lithium Cloride,” Macromolecules 1985, 18,640-646; Charles L. McCormick et al., “Solution Studies of Cellulose inLithium Chloride and N,N-Dimethylacetamide,” Macromolecules 1985, 18,2394-2401; K. J. Edgar et al., “Synthesis and Properties of CelluloseAcetoacetates,” Macromolecules 1995, 28, 4122-4128; Makoto Hasegawa etal., “Size-exclusion Chromatography of Cellulose and Chitin UsingLithium Chloride-N,N-Dimethylacetamide as a Mobile Phase,” Journal ofChromatography 1993, 635, 334-337; Lev Bromberg, “Salt-MediatedMiscibility of Proteins and Polymers,” Journal of Physical Chemistry1994, 98, 10628-10633; and Thomas J. Heinze, “New Polymers byUnconventional Functionalization of Polyglucans,” Friedrich SchillerUniversity of Jena, Humboldstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany,publication date unknown(http://www.chem-eng.nwu.edu/us-germany/abstracts/heinze_abs.pdf) copiesof which are filed with this application and each being herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0039] Without wishing to be bound by any scientific theory andexplanation, applicants believe that a permeability reducing substancemay interact with the wrapper in a number of ways. In one, apermeability reducing substance may form a film on the wrapper 14 toreduce permeability by blocking pores in the wrapper 14. That is, whenthe permeability reducing substance is applied to the wrapper 14, a filmis created that acts as a barrier to block the movement of gas throughpores in the discretely treated area 22.

[0040] Alternatively, a permeability reducing substance may act to fillpores and thereby reduce the porosity of the wrapper 14. In this way, adiscretely treated area 22 possesses porosity or gas permeability lessthan that of the untreated area 20 of the wrapper 14.

[0041] As a further alternative, a permeability reducing substance mayboth form a film on the wrapper 14 and act to fill pores in the wrapper14 so that a discretely treated area 22 possesses a porosity or gaspermeability less than that of the untreated area 20 of the wrapper 14.

[0042] A manufacturing of discretely treated areas 22 may be made byapplying compositions that are applicable to the wrapper 14 when thewrapper 14 might be in a wet or dry state or a semi-wet state. Thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the quantity and theconcentration of the applied composition will depend on factorsincluding the absorbency of the web, polymer properties of thepermeability reducing substance, web moisture content, and the operatingconditions of the application equipment. Moreover, those skilled in theart will appreciate that the composition may be applied by a number ofknown methods including spraying, stenciling, offset, letterpress,flexographic, gravure printing, and the like including bothmultiple-pass and single-pass processes.

[0043] Preferably, the composition for affecting the discretely treatedareas may be applied on one side of the base paper such that the formedband 22 faces the tobacco-side 12 after making article 10 from thebanded paper. Alternatively, the composition may be applied on bothsides of the paper or applied such that the formed band 22 faces theoutside or consumer-side after making article 10 from the banded paper.

[0044] Manufacturing of reduced IP smoking articles is preferablyaccomplished using a reel, or bobbin, length of wrapper 14 withdiscretely treated areas 22 and untreated areas 20. Using a bobbin ofbanded paper in a cigarette-making machine will provide a population ofbanded smoking articles having a reduced IP. That is, each smokingarticle within the population will include a tobacco column, wrappersurrounding said tobacco column so that the smoking article includes anignition end and a distal end, and at least one banded region,preferably at least two spaced apart banded regions, between theignition end and the distal end whereby the distance from the ignitionend to the at least one of the banded region of each smoking article issequentially related, random, or quasi-random within the population.

[0045] Applicants believe that the sequentially related, random, orquasi-random band position would have the benefit of allowing thecigarette population as a whole to have fewer tendencies to ignitefire-prone substrates. Overall, IP tests incorporate a fixed burn-downdistance in which the article is burned before being placed on the testsubstrate. In real-world ignition scenarios the article may burn down toany distance with respect to the ignition end of the article beforecontacting a substrate. Therefore, a sequentially related, random, orquasi-random band position will increase the probability that anyindividual member of the banded article population may prevent ignitionof a prone substrate when the article is burned down to a randomdistance before substrate contact. Alternatively, bands may beregistered at a fixed distance with respect to the ignition end ofarticle 10. The preferred embodiment of this invention is for themanufacture of reduced IP articles having a sequentially related,random, or quasi-random band position with respect to the ignition endof article 10.

[0046] In each of the examples, sample cigarettes were prepared by “handbanding” whereby a circumferential ring of material was applied aroundthe body of smoking article, by hand, using an aluminum printing plate.The aluminum printing plate was fashioned from a slab of aluminum metalwith a straight channel, about 7 millimeters wide and about 30millimeters long, milled below the surface of the slab. A bandingcomposition was used to fill the channel of the printing plate. Thesmoking article was then rolled, by hand, across the composition-filledchannel such that a circumferential band was formed about the body ofthe smoking article. Therefore, the about 7 millimeter wide band wasprinted on one side of the wrapper such that band 22 was on the outsideor consumer-side of article 10. Hand banded cigarettes are characterizedas having the applied band registered at a fixed position with respectto the ignition end of the article.

[0047] In each of the examples, a conventional flax pulp cigarette paperwas used as a wrapper for the smoking articles. The cigarette paper hadthe following properties: 18 CU (CORESTA units, cm³/min/cm² at 1 kPameasuring pressure) permeability, 30 weight percent calcium carbonatefiller, 0.85 weight percent citrate salt, and 25.5 g/m² basis weight.

EXAMPLE 1

[0048] Cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride compositions were used to makecircumferential bands, about 7 millimeters wide, around the body ofnon-banded smoking articles. The circumferential band was applied byhand and positioned about 15 millimeters from the ignition end of thesmoking article.

[0049] The non-banded smoking article was made using a conventionalpaper wrapper, an about 72 millimeter tobacco column length, an about 25millimeter cellulose acetate non-air diluted filter section, and acigarette tobacco blend. Cigarettes were made on a conventionalcigarette-making machine.

[0050] Composition 1-1 was prepared by soaking about 20.60 gramscellulose (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo.; Catalog #C-6663) in water for2 hours. The water was removed by filtration and then by soaking themoist cellulose in about 150 milliliters DMAC. After about 3 hours, thesolvent was again removed by filtration. Then the solvent-moistcellulose was added to about 400 milliliters of DMAC containing about40.4 grams lithium chloride. After stirring for about two days acolorless, visually-homogeneous, composition was produced.

[0051] Composition 1-2 was prepared by mixing about 7.4002 grams ofcomposition 1-1 with about 7.3 grams DMAC. Composition 1-3 was preparedby mixing about 1.6 grams of composition 1-1 with about 9.3 grams DMAC.Composition 1-4 was prepared by mixing about 4.9 grams of composition1-1 with about 22.1 grams DMAC. Composition 1-5 was prepared bydissolving lithium chloride in DMAC such that lithium chlorideconcentration was about 10 weight percent concentration.

[0052] Applicants found that the appearance of the cellulose band,formed by the application of cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride, was nearlyindistinguishable from the untreated areas of the wrapper. A bandcomposed of lithium chloride alone (Composition 1-5, Table 1) was foundto be ineffective for IP reduction.

[0053] Applicants also found that the char line on the wrapper, as thebanded article was smoked, displayed an increase in width as thefirecone traversed the cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride banded area.Applicants attribute the increase in char line width to the presence oflithium chloride in the treated area. Therefore, the preferablecomposition of the band is to contain the minimum quantity of lithiumchloride.

[0054] The IP data in Table 1 demonstrates that about 104 micrograms(μg) dry cellulose, applied as cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride, forms asubstantially 100% effective, IP reducing, about 7 millimeter wide band.TABLE 1 IP Results For Cellulose/DMAC/Lithium Chloride BandedCigarettes. Composition IP Pass (%)** Dry band weight (μg)* 1-5 0.0 01-3 0.0 16 1-4 0.0 22 1-3 0.0 25 1-3 0.0 43 1-1 60.0 73 1-2 87.5 90 1-1100.0 104 1-1 100.0 136

EXAMPLE 2

[0055] Cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride composition 1-1 (Example 1) wasused to make circumferential bands, about 10 millimeters wide, aroundthe body of non-banded smoking articles. The circumferential band wasapplied by hand-banding as previously described except the channel ofthe printing plate was about 10 millimeters wide. The band waspositioned about 15 millimeters from the ignition end of the smokingarticle.

[0056] The non-banded smoking article was made using a conventionalpaper wrapper, an about 72 millimeter tobacco column length, an about 25millimeter cellulose acetate non-air diluted filter section, and acigarette tobacco blend. Cigarettes were made on a conventionalcigarette-making machine.

[0057] Applicants found that the appearance of the cellulose band,formed by the application of cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride, was nearlyindistinguishable from the untreated areas of the wrapper.

[0058] The IP data in Table 2 demonstrates that about 110 micrograms(μg) dry cellulose, applied as cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride, forms asubstantially 100% effective, IP reducing, about 10 millimeter wideband. TABLE 2 IP Results For Cellulose/DMAC/Lithium Chloride BandedCigarettes. Composition IP Pass (%)** Dry band weight (μg)* 1-1 100.0110 1-1 100.0 290

EXAMPLE 3

[0059] Cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride composition was used to makecircumferential bands, about 7 millimeters wide, around the body ofnon-banded smoking articles. The circumferential band was applied byhand and positioned about 15 millimeters from the ignition end of thesmoking article.

[0060] The non-banded smoking article was made using a conventionalpaper wrapper, an about 72 millimeter tobacco column length, an about 25millimeter cellulose acetate non-air diluted filter section, and acigarette tobacco blend. Cigarettes were made on a conventionalcigarette-making machine.

[0061] Composition 3-1 was prepared by dissolving about 39.7 gramslithium chloride in about 500 milliliters DMAC using stirring andheating. After the lithium chloride dissolved, about 27.5 gramscellulose (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo.; Catalog #C-6663) was added tothe DMAC/lithium chloride solution. The resulting mixture was heated atabout 135° C. for about 1 hour, with mechanical stirring. Then themixture was allowed to cool and stand for about 5 days at roomtemperature, after which a visually homogeneous composition wasproduced.

[0062] Eight smoking articles were banded with composition 3-1 such thatthe dry weight of cellulose in the treated region was about 230micrograms. IP of the treated articles was measured by the NIST #6cotton duck IP test and gave a 100% pass rate.

EXAMPLE 4

[0063] Cellulose/NMP/lithium chloride composition was used to makecircumferential bands, about 7 millimeters wide, around the body ofnon-banded smoking articles. The circumferential band was applied byhand and positioned about 20 millimeters from the ignition end of thesmoking article.

[0064] The non-banded smoking article was made using a conventionalpaper wrapper, an about 63 millimeter tobacco column length, an about 21millimeter cellulose acetate non-air diluted filter section, and acigarette tobacco blend. Cigarettes were made on a conventionalcigarette-making machine.

[0065] The cellulose/NMP/lithium chloride was prepared from about 105.5grams microcrystalline cellulose (Aldrich, Milwaukee, Wis.; Catalog#31,069-7) added to about 700 milliliters NMP. The mixture was stirredand heated to about 170° C. then allowed to cool to about 110° C. over15 minutes. Then about 52.4 grams lithium chloride was added and themixture was held at about 110° C. until the lithium chloride dissolved.The mixture was allowed to gradually cool to room temperature. Afterstirring overnight, a viscous and visually-homogeneous composition wasproduced. The cellulose/NMP/lithium chloride composition, about 1.44grams, was diluted with about 3 grams NMP to give composition 4-1.

[0066] Eight smoking articles were banded with composition 4-1 such thatthe dry weight of cellulose in the treated region was about 160micrograms. IP of the treated articles was measured by the NIST 10-sheetfilter paper IP test and gave substantially a 100% pass rate.

[0067] Eight smoking articles were banded with composition 4-1 such thatthe dry weight of cellulose in the treated region was about 116micrograms. IP of the treated articles was measured by the NIST 10-sheetfilter paper IP test and gave substantially a 100% pass rate.

[0068] Eight smoking articles were banded with composition 4-1 such thatthe dry weight of cellulose in the treated region was about 112micrograms. Freeburn of the treated articles was measured by igniting acigarette and placing the smoldering articles horizontally in a holder.The articles were allowed to statically smolder without the column orember contacting a surface. A positive freeburn result occurred when thecigarette was consumed to the filter element. All 8 treated articleswere found to freeburn.

EXAMPLE 5

[0069] Starch/NMP composition was used to make circumferential bands,about 7 millimeters wide, around the body of non-banded smokingarticles. The circumferential band was applied by hand and positionedabout 20 millimeters from the ignition end of the smoking article.

[0070] The non-banded smoking article was made using a conventionalpaper wrapper, an about 63 millimeter tobacco column length, an about 21millimeter cellulose acetate non-air diluted filter section, and acigarette tobacco blend. Cigarettes were made on a conventionalcigarette-making machine.

[0071] The starch/NMP composition was prepared from about 16.9 gramsFlokote-64® starch (National Starch, Berkeley, Calif.) mixed with about100 milliliters NMP. The mixture was stirred and heated to about 110° C.then allowed to cool to room temperature over about 1 hour. Aftercooling, a viscous and visually-homogeneous composition was produced.The starch/NMP composition, about 5 grams, was then diluted with about5.1 grams NMP to give composition 5-1.

[0072] Eight smoking articles were banded with composition 5-1 such thatthe dry weight of starch in the treated region was about 1.4 milligrams.Composition 5-1 was applied on the articles as a double layer band thatis, a second band was overprinted a previously applied, and dried, layerof composition 5-1. IP of the treated articles was measured by the NIST10-sheet filter paper IP test and gave a 100% pass rate.

EXAMPLE 6

[0073] β-Cyclodextrin/DMAC/lithium chloride composition was used to makecircumferential bands, about 7 millimeters wide, around the body ofnon-banded smoking articles. The circumferential band was applied byhand and positioned about 15 millimeters from the ignition end of thesmoking article.

[0074] The non-banded smoking article was made using a conventionalpaper wrapper, an about 72 millimeter tobacco column length, an about 25millimeter cellulose acetate non-air diluted filter section, and acigarette tobacco blend. Cigarettes were made on a conventionalcigarette-making machine.

[0075] Composition 6-1 was prepared from about 5.3 grams β-cyclodextrin(Fluka Chemical, Milwaukee, Wis.; Catalog #28707) added to about 10milliliters DMAC and about 4 milliliters DMAC containing about 9.8weight percent lithium chloride. β-Cyclodextrin was dissolved by heatingand stirring the mixture at about 100° C. for about one hour and thenallowing the mixture to stand overnight. Composition 6-2 was prepared bymixing about 1 milliliter of composition 6-1 with about 5 millilitersDMAC.

[0076] Eight smoking articles were banded with composition 6-1 such thatthe dry weight of β-cyclodextrin in the treated region was about 2.3milligrams. IP of the treated articles was measured by the NIST #6cotton duck IP test and gave substantially a 100% pass rate.

[0077] Eight smoking articles were banded with composition 6-2 such thatthe dry weight of β-cyclodextrin in the treated region was about 440micrograms. IP of the treated articles was measured by the NIST #6cotton duck IP test and gave substantially a 0% pass rate.

EXAMPLE 7

[0078] The effectiveness of various permeability reducing agents wascompared using a conventional flax cigarette paper with the followingproperties: about 32 CU permeability, about 28 weight percent calciumcarbonate, about 0.60 weight percent citrate salt, and about 26.0 g/m²basis weight.

[0079] About 20-centimeter lengths of paper were cut andpermeability-reducing compositions were evenly applied in an area about27.3 millimeters wide by about 32.5 millimeters long. After treatment,the strips were stored overnight at about 75° C. and about 65% relativehumidity. Permeability values for the treated area were measured with aFiltrona PM-100 permeability unit (1 kPa measuring pressure).

[0080] Composition 7-1 comprised about 16 weight percent starch(National Starch, Berkeley, Calif., Item #51,6437) and about 84 weightpercent water. Composition 7-1 was prepared by dispersing the starchpowder in cold water and heating the mixture for about 15 minutes atabout 87° C. Composition 7-2 comprised about 6.5 weight percent ethylcellulose (Fisher Scientific, Fair Lawn, N.J.; Catalog #E-152) and about93.5 weight percent ethyl alcohol solution (95 volume percent ethylalcohol and 5 weight percent water).

[0081] Composition 7-3 comprised about 11.9 weight percent ethylcellulose (Fisher Scientific, Fair Lawn, N.J.; Catalog #E-152) and about88.1 weight percent isopropyl acetate. Composition 7-4 comprised about9.7 weight percent hydroxypropyl cellulose (Aldrich, Milwaukee, Wis.;Catalog #43,500-7) and about 90.3 weight percent deionized water.Composition 7-5 comprised about 6.0 weight percent microcrystallinecellulose (Aldrich, Milwaukee, Wis.; Catalog #43,524-4; cellulose powdercoated with about 15 weight percent sodium carboxymethylcellulose) andabout 94.0 weight percent deionized water.

[0082] Table 3 gives permeability values for paper treated separatelywith cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, cellulose/water, and starch/water compositions. In all cases,application of the banding solution caused a decrease in permeabilityrelative to untreated paper. In particular, applicants unexpectedlydiscovered that cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride is a very efficientpermeability reducing substance.

[0083] The mechanism by which low paper porosity may give reduced IP isnot known with certainty but may be due to oxygen starvation of thefirecone. When the cigarette is laid down on a substrate the lowpermeability of the treated area may cause a reduction of oxygen to thefire cone and consequently cause the article to self-extinguish.

[0084] Cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride has shown to be an unexpectedlyefficient permeability reducing substance which may explain the minutequantity (as shown in Example 1 and others) that are required to give areduced IP article. Applicants believe that other polysaccharidescombined with self-association disrupter solvent systems will displayefficient permeability reducing properties. Furthermore, the efficientpermeability-reducing nature of cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride (and thelike) make the composition compatible with high-speed printingoperations thereby allowing for the efficient manufacture of reducedpermeability regions on a material such as paper. TABLE 3 PermeabilityValues of Banded Cigarette Paper. Band Weight Banding Material (μg/mm²)*Permeability (CU) Cellulose/DMAC/Lithium Chloride 0.50 TLM (Composition1-1) 0.73 TLM 0.79 TLM Starch (Composition 7-1) 2.51 3.6 2.75 2.0 EthylCellulose (Composition 7-2) 1.63 11.7 1.86 4.5 2.65 TLM Ethyl Cellulose(Composition 7-3) 1.10 4.5 Hydroxypropyl cellulose 2.12 14.0(Composition 7-4) Cellulose/Water (Composition 7-5) 1.38 20.2

EXAMPLE 8

[0085] The effectiveness of various permeability reducing agents forsmoking article IP reduction was compared. Compositions, as listed inTable 4, were used to make circumferential bands, about 7 millimeterswide, around the body of non-banded smoking articles. Thecircumferential band was applied by hand and positioned about 15millimeters from the ignition end of the smoking article.

[0086] The non-banded smoking article was made using a conventionalpaper wrapper, an about 72 millimeter tobacco column length, an about 25millimeter cellulose acetate non-air diluted filter section, and acigarette tobacco blend. Cigarettes were made on a conventionalcigarette-making machine.

[0087] Composition 8-1 comprised a suspension of about 5.1 weightpercent microcrystalline cellulose (Aldrich, Milwaukee, Wis.; Catalog#43,524-4; cellulose powder coated with about 15 weight percent sodiumcarboxymethylcellulose) and about 94.9 weight percent deionized water.

[0088] Composition 8-2 comprised a suspension of about 9.10 weightpercent microcrystalline cellulose (Aldrich, Milwaukee, Wis.; Catalog#43,524-4) and about 90.90 weight percent deionized water.

[0089] Composition 8-3 comprised about 13.6 weight percent cellulosepropionate (Aldrich, Milwaukee, Wis.; Catalog #45,490-7), about 43.2weight percent isopropyl alcohol, and about 43.2 weight percent2-butanone. TABLE 4 IP Results For Banded Cigarettes. Dry bandComposition IP Pass (%)** weight (μg)* Cellulose/DMAC/Lithium Chloride100.0 104 (Composition 1-1)*** Cellulose/Water (Composition 8-1) 0.0 250Cellulose/Water (Composition 8-1) 0.0 480 Cellulose/Water (Composition8-2) 100.0 910 Cellulose Propionate/Isopropyl Alcohol/2- 37.5 150Butanone (Composition 8-3) Cellulose Propionate/Isopropyl Alcohol/2-100.0 330 Butanone (Composition 8-3)

[0090] Table 4 and FIG. 7 demonstrates that, as applied,cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride is a very efficient material for forminga reduced IP smoking article. Cellulose when combined with aself-association disrupter solvent system is more efficient thancellulose suspended as particles in water (Composition 8-2).Furthermore, cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride was found to be moreefficient than the organic solvent soluble cellulose derivativecellulose propionate (Composition 8-3). Applicants believe that otherpolysaccharides combined with self-association disrupter solvent systemswill display efficient permeability reducing properties.

[0091]FIG. 7 graphically illustrates that discrete areas on the smokingarticle wrapper formed by the application of about 0.3 micrograms persquare millimeter to about 1.2 micrograms per square millimeter ofsubstantially non-derivatized cellulose applied using lithium chloridein dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and the like may give an article withreduced IP properties. Those skilled in the art will appreciate thatapplication of a material amount in excess of that required to give 100%effective IP reduction will also give 100% IP reduction.

[0092] Certain modifications and improvements will occur to thoseskilled in the art upon a reading of the foregoing description. Forexample, after treating the paper with a permeability reducingsubstance, such as cellulose/DMAC/lithium chloride and the like, thesalts, e.g., lithium chloride, content may be reduced or redistributedin paper by a variety of techniques known to those skilled in the artsuch as application of water, and application of water in conjunctionwith the application of blotting or suction. Applicants believe that thereduction of the lithium chloride content of cellulose/DMAC/lithiumchloride (and the like) treated paper will be useful for the manufactureof reduced IP smoking articles. It should be understood that all suchmodifications and improvements have been deleted herein for the sake ofconciseness and readability but are properly within the scope of thefollowing claims.

We claim:
 1. A smoking article having reduced ignition propensitycomprising: a tobacco column and a wrapper having a base permeabilityand surrounding the tobacco column so that the smoking article includesan ignition end and a distal end, the wrapper comprising: an untreatedarea and a least one discrete area treated with a composition comprisinga permeability reducing substance initially dissolved in anon-derivatizing solvent mixture initially comprising a solvent and atleast one ingredient that as part of the non-derivatizing solventmixture is a self-association disruptor for the permeability reducingsubstance to reduce the base permeability so that as a coal of a burningtobacco firecone advances by the treated area, the smoking articleself-extinguishes if placed on a surface.
 2. The smoking article ofclaim 1 wherein said smoking article is one of a population of aplurality of smoking articles having a reduced ignition propensity. 3.The smoking article of claim 2 wherein said at least one discrete areatreated is at least one banded region between the ignition end and thedistal end and a distance from the ignition end to the at least one bandof each smoking article within said population of said plurality ofsmoking articles is at least one of sequentially related, randomlyrelated and quasi-randomly related within said population.
 4. Thesmoking article of claim 2 wherein said population of smoking articlesis a package of smoking articles.
 5. The smoking article of claim 2wherein said population of smoking articles is a grab sample of smokingarticles.
 6. The smoking article of claim 2 wherein the ignitionpropensity for the population is between about 50 percent andsubstantially about 100 percent.
 7. The smoking article of claim 2wherein said at least one discrete area treated is at least two spacedapart banded regions and a distance from the ignition end to at leastone band of each smoking article is at least one of sequentiallyrelated, randomly related and quasi-randomly related within saidpopulation.
 8. The smoking article of claim 7 wherein said distance issequentially related.
 9. The smoking article of claim 7 wherein saiddistance is randomly related.
 10. The smoking article of claim 7 whereinsaid distance is quasi-randomly related.
 11. The smoking article ofclaim 7 wherein said at least two banded regions are spaced sufficientlyto reduce the ignition propensity of the smoking article.
 12. Thesmoking article of claim 7 wherein said at least two banded regions arespaced sufficiently to facilitate the freeburn of the smoking article.13. The smoking article of claim 7 wherein said at least two bandedregions have a width/center-to-center spacing ratio of at least about1/10 to greater than about 1/1.
 14. The smoking article of claim 7wherein said at least two banded regions have a width of at least about3 millimeters to about 10 millimeters.
 15. The smoking article of claim7 wherein said at least two banded regions have a center-to-centerspacing of about 10 millimeters to about 30 millimeters.
 16. The smokingarticle of claim 7 wherein said at least two banded regions are visuallysubstantially the same as unbanded regions.
 17. A wrapper forsurrounding a tobacco column to create a smoking article having reducedignition propensity that includes an ignition end and a distal end, thewrapper having a base permeability and comprising: an untreated area andat least one discrete area treated with a permeability reducingsubstance in an amount equivalent to between about 0.3 micrograms persquare millimeter to about 1.2 micrograms per square millimeter ofsubstantially non-derivatized cellulose applied using lithium chloridein dimethylacetamide (DMAC), said permeability reducing substanceapplied using a composition comprising said permeability reducingsubstance initially dissolved in a non-derivatizing solvent mixtureinitially comprising a solvent and at least one ingredient that as partof the non-derivatizing solvent mixture is a self-association disruptorfor the permeability reducing substance to reduce the base permeabilityso that as a coal of a burning tobacco firecone advances by the treatedarea, the smoking article self-extinguishes if placed on a surface. 18.The wrapper according to claim 17 wherein said ingredient is a salt. 19.The wrapper according to claim 18 wherein said salt is a lithiumcontaining compound.
 20. The wrapper according to claim 19 wherein saidlithium containing compound is lithium chloride in an amount thatfacilitates the dissolution of said permeability reducing substance insaid non-derivatizing solvent mixture while upon burning thecharacteristic of ash for the untreated area and the at least onetreated area is substantially the same.
 21. The wrapper according toclaim 17 wherein said solvent component is organic.
 22. The wrapperaccording to claim 41 wherein said organic solvent component is anamide.
 23. The wrapper according to claim 22 wherein said amide is atleast one of dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). 24.The wrapper according to claim 20 wherein said solvent component isorganic.
 25. The wrapper according to claim 24 wherein said organicsolvent component is an amide.
 26. The wrapper according to claim 25wherein said amide is at least one of dimethylacetamide (DMAC) andN-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
 27. The wrapper according to claim 17 whereinsaid permeability reducing substance is a pore filling substance, suchthat pores are filled to reduce the permeability of the at least onetreated area.
 28. The wrapper according to claim 17 wherein saidpermeability reducing substance is a film forming substance, such that afilm is formed to reduce the permeability of said at least one treatedarea.
 29. The wrapper according to claim 17 wherein said permeabilityreducing substance is a polymer.
 30. The wrapper according to claim 29wherein said polymer is a polysaccharide.
 31. The wrapper according toclaim 30 wherein said polysaccharide is a starch.
 32. The wrapperaccording to claim 31 wherein said starch is substantiallynon-derivatized.
 33. The wrapper according to claim 30 wherein thepolysaccharide is a cellulose.
 34. The wrapper according to claim 33wherein the cellulose is substantially non-derivatized.
 35. The wrapperaccording to claim 30 wherein to the polysaccharide is a chitosan. 36.The wrapper according to claim 35 wherein chitosan is substantiallynon-derivatized.
 37. The wrapper according to claim 30 wherein thepolysaccharide is a chitin.
 38. The wrapper according to claim 37wherein the chitin is substantially non-derivatized.
 39. The wrapperaccording to claim 30 wherein the polysaccharide is an alginate.
 40. Thewrapper according to claim 39 wherein the alginate is substantiallynon-derivatized.
 41. The wrapper according to claim 17 wherein thediscretely treated area comprises a band.
 42. The wrapper according toclaim 41 wherein the band has a sufficient width so as to deprive thecoal of the burning tobacco firecone of oxygen from behind a char lineof the wrapper.
 43. The wrapper according to claim 41 wherein the bandhas a width of at least about 3 millimeters.
 44. The wrapper accordingto claim 17 wherein the discretely treated area comprises at least twobands spaced sufficiently to reduce the ignition propensity of thesmoking article.
 45. The wrapper according to claim 44 wherein the atleast two bands have widths and are spaced apart so that a width tocenter-to-center spacing ratio is between about 1/10 and about 1/1. 46.The wrapper according to claim 45 wherein the at least two bands havewidths between about 3 millimeters and about 10 millimeters.
 47. Thewrapper according to claim 45 wherein the at least two bands have acenter-to-center spacing of about 10 millimeters to about 30millimeters.
 48. The wrapper according to claim 17 that has propertiesthat enable a bobbin of wrapper to be useable in a conventionalcommercially available cigarette manufacturing machine.
 49. The wrapperaccording to claim 17 wherein the treated area is visually substantiallythe same untreated area.
 50. The wrapper according to claim 17 whereinthe treated area further includes a filler.
 51. The wrapper according toclaim 50 wherein the filler is at least one of clay, talc, calciumcarbonate, and titanium oxide.
 52. A smoking article having reducedignition propensity comprising: a tobacco column and a wrapper having abase permeability and surrounding the tobacco column so that the smokingarticle includes an ignition end and a distal end, the wrappercomprising: an untreated area and a least one discrete area treated witha permeability reducing substance in an amount equivalent to betweenabout 0.3 micrograms per square millimeter to about 1.2 micrograms persquare millimeter of substantially non-derivatized cellulose appliedusing lithium chloride in dimethylacetamide (DMAC), said permeabilityreducing substance applied using a composition comprising saidpermeability reducing substance initially dissolved in anon-derivatizing solvent mixture initially comprising a solventcomponent and at least one ingredient that as part of thenon-derivatizing solvent mixture is a self-association disrupter for thepermeability reducing substance to reduce the base permeability so thatas a coal of a burning tobacco firecone advances by the treated area,the smoking article self-extinguishes if placed on a surface, whereinsaid smoking article is one of a population of a plurality of smokingarticles having a reduced ignition propensity.
 53. The smoking articleof claim 52 wherein said at least one discrete area treated is at leastone banded region between the ignition end and the distal end and adistance from the ignition end to the at least one band of each smokingarticle within said population of said plurality of smoking articles isat least one of sequentially related, randomly related andquasi-randomly related within said population.
 54. The smoking articleof claim 52 wherein said population of smoking articles is a package ofsmoking articles.
 55. The smoking article of claim 5 wherein saidpopulation of smoking articles is a grab sample of smoking articles. 56.The smoking article of claim 52 wherein the ignition propensity for thepopulation is between about 50 percent and substantially about 100percent.
 57. The smoking article of claim 52 wherein said at least onediscrete area treated is at least two spaced apart banded regions and adistance from the ignition end to at least one band of each smokingarticle is at least one of sequentially related, randomly related andquasi-randomly related within said population.
 58. The smoking articleof claim 57 wherein said distance is sequentially related.
 59. Thesmoking article of claim 57 wherein said distance is randomly related.60. The smoking article of claim 57 wherein said distance isquasi-randomly related.
 61. The smoking article of claim 57 wherein saidat least two banded regions are spaced sufficiently to reduce theignition propensity of the smoking article.
 62. The smoking article ofclaim 57 wherein said at least two banded regions are spacedsufficiently to facilitate the freeburn of the smoking article.
 63. Thesmoking article of claim 57 wherein said at least two banded regionshave a width/center-to-center spacing ratio of at least about 1/10 togreater than about 1/1.
 64. The smoking article of claim 57 wherein saidat least two banded regions have a width of at least about 3 millimetersto about 10 millimeters.
 65. The smoking article of claim 57 whereinsaid at least two banded regions have a center-to-center spacing ofabout 10 millimeters to about 30 millimeters.
 66. The smoking article ofclaim 57 wherein said at least two banded regions are visuallysubstantially the same as unbanded regions.
 67. The smoking article ofclaim 52 wherein said ingredient is a salt.
 68. The smoking article ofclaim 67 wherein said salt is a lithium containing compound.
 69. Thesmoking article of claim 68 wherein said lithium containing compound islithium chloride in an amount that facilitates the dissolution of saidpermeability reducing substance in said non-derivatizing solvent mixturewhile upon burning the characteristic of ash for the untreated area andthe at least one treated area is substantially the same.
 70. The smokingarticle of claim 52 wherein said solvent component is organic.
 71. Thesmoking article of claim 70 wherein said organic solvent component is anamide.
 72. The smoking article of claim 71 wherein said amide is atleast one of dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). 73.The smoking article of claim 69 wherein said solvent component isorganic.
 74. The smoking article of claim 73 wherein said organicsolvent component is an amide.
 75. The smoking article of claim 74wherein said amide is at least one of dimethylacetamide (DMAC) andN-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
 76. The smoking article of claim 52 whereinsaid permeability reducing substance is a pore filling substance, suchthat pores are filled to reduce the permeability of the at least onetreated area.
 77. The smoking article of claim 52 wherein saidpermeability reducing substance is a film forming substance, such that afilm is formed to reduce the permeability of said at least one treatedarea.
 78. The smoking article of claim 52 wherein said permeabilityreducing substance is a polymer.
 79. The smoking article of claim 78wherein said polymer is a polysaccharide.
 80. The smoking article ofclaim 79 wherein said polysaccharide is a starch.
 81. The smokingarticle of claim 80 wherein said starch is substantiallynon-derivatized.
 82. The smoking article of claim 79 wherein thepolysaccharide is a cellulose.
 83. The smoking article of claim 82wherein the cellulose is substantially non-derivatized.
 84. The smokingarticle of claim 79 wherein to the polysaccharide is a chitosan.
 85. Thesmoking article of claim 84 wherein chitosan is substantiallynon-derivatized.
 86. The smoking article of claim 79 wherein thepolysaccharide is a chitin.
 87. The smoking article of claim 86 whereinthe chitin is substantially non-derivatized.
 88. The smoking article ofclaim 79 wherein the polysaccharide is an alginate.
 89. The smokingarticle of claim 88 wherein the alginate is substantiallynon-derivatized.
 90. The smoking article of claim 52 wherein thediscretely treated area comprises a band.
 91. The smoking article ofclaim 90 wherein the band has a sufficient width so as to deprive thecoal of the burning tobacco firecone of oxygen from behind a char lineof the wrapper.
 92. The smoking article of claim 90 wherein the band hasa width of at least about 3 millimeters.
 93. The smoking article ofclaim 52 wherein the discretely treated area comprises at least twobands spaced sufficiently to reduce the ignition propensity of thesmoking article.
 94. The smoking article of claim 93 wherein the atleast two bands have widths and are spaced apart so that a width tocenter-to-center spacing ratio is between about 1/10 and about 1/1. 95.The smoking article of claim 94 wherein the at least two bands havewidths between about 3 millimeters and about 10 millimeters.
 96. Thesmoking article of claim 94 wherein the at least two bands have acenter-to-center spacing of about 10 millimeters to about 30millimeters.
 97. The smoking article of claim 52 that has propertiesthat enable a bobbin of wrapper to be useable in a conventionalcommercially available cigarette manufacturing machine.
 98. The smokingarticle of claim 52 wherein the treated area is visually substantiallythe same untreated area.
 99. The smoking article of claim 52 wherein thetreated area further includes a filler.
 100. The smoking article ofclaim 99 wherein the filler is at least one of clay, talc, calciumcarbonate, and titanium oxide.
 101. A composition for application to apaper having a base permeability to create a wrapper having at least onediscretely treated area with a permeability reducing substance in anamount equivalent to between about 0.3 micrograms per square millimeterto about 1.2 micrograms per square millimeter of substantiallynon-derivatized cellulose and suitable for surrounding a tobacco columnto create a smoking article having reduced ignition propensity, saidcomposition initially comprising a permeability reducing substanceinitially dissolved in a solvent mixture initially comprising an organicsolvent component and at least one ingredient that as part of thesolvent mixture is a self-association disrupter for the permeabilityreducing substance such that when the wrapper is dry the at least onediscretely treated area has a reduced permeability.
 102. The compositionaccording to claim 101 wherein said ingredient is a salt.
 103. Thecomposition according to claim 102 wherein said salt is a lithiumcontaining compound.
 104. The composition according to claim 103 whereinsaid lithium containing compound is lithium chloride in an amount thatfacilitates the dissolution of said permeability reducing substance insaid non-derivatizing solvent mixture while upon burning thecharacteristic of ash for the untreated area and the at least onetreated area is substantially the same.
 105. The composition accordingto claim 101 wherein said organic solvent component is at least one ofdimethylacetamide (DMAC) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
 106. Thecomposition according to claim 104 wherein said organic solventcomponent is at least one of dimethylacetamide (DMAC) andN-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
 107. The composition according to claim 101wherein said permeability reducing substance is a pore fillingsubstance, such that pores are filled to reduce the permeability of theat least one treated area reducing permeability of the at least onetreated area.
 108. The composition according to claim 101 wherein saidpermeability reducing substance is a film forming substance, such that afilm is formed to reduce the permeability of said at least one treatedarea.
 109. The composition according to claim 101 wherein saidpermeability reducing substance is a polymer.
 110. The compositionaccording to claim 109 wherein said polymer is a polysaccharide. 111.The composition according to claim 110 wherein said polysaccharide is astarch.
 112. The composition according to claim 111 wherein said starchis substantially non-derivatized.
 113. The composition according toclaim 110 wherein the polysaccharide is a cellulose.
 114. Thecomposition according to claim 113 wherein the cellulose issubstantially non-derivatized.
 115. The composition according to claim110 wherein the polysaccharide is a chitosan.
 116. The compositionaccording to claim 115 wherein the chitosan is substantiallynon-derivatized.
 117. The composition according to claim 110 wherein thepolysaccharide is a chitin.
 118. The composition according to claim 117wherein the chitin is substantially non-derivatized.
 119. Thecomposition according to claim 110 wherein the polysaccharide is analginate.
 120. The composition according to claim 119 wherein thealginate is substantially non-derivatized.
 121. The compositionaccording to claim 101 wherein the discretely treated area comprises aband.
 122. The composition to according claim 121 wherein the band has asufficient width so as to deprive the coal of the burning tobaccofirecone of oxygen from behind a char line of the wrapper.
 123. Thecomposition according to claim 121 wherein the band has a width of atleast about 3 millimeters.
 124. The composition according to claim 101wherein the discretely treated area comprises at least two bands spacedsufficiently to reduce the ignition propensity of the smoking article.125. The composition according to claim 124 wherein the at least twobands have widths and are spaced apart so that a width tocenter-to-center spacing ratio is between about 1/10 and about 1/1. 126.The composition according to claim 124 wherein the at least two bandshave widths between about 3 millimeters and about 10 millimeters. 127.The composition according to claim 124 wherein the at least two bandshave a center-to-center spacing of about 10 millimeters to about 30millimeters.
 128. The composition according to claim 101 that hasproperties that enable the manufacture of a bobbin of wrapper useable ina conventional commercially available cigarette manufacturing machine.129. The composition according to claim 101 wherein the treated area isvisually substantially the same as the untreated area.
 130. Thecomposition according to claim 101 further including a filler.
 131. Thecomposition according to claim 130 wherein the filler is at least one ofclay, talc and calcium carbonate.
 132. A method for making a smokingarticle having reduced ignition propensity comprising: treating aplurality of discrete areas of paper having a base permeability with acomposition initially comprising a permeability reducing substanceinitially dissolved in a solvent mixture initially comprising an organiccomponent and at least one ingredient that as part of the solventmixture is a self-association disruptor for the permeability reducingsubstance, to form discrete areas having a reduced permeability in anamount equivalent to that obtained with between about 0.3 micrograms persquare millimeter to about 1.2 micrograms per square millimeter ofsubstantially non-derivatized cellulose applied using lithium chloridein dimethylacetamide (DMAC); and surrounding a tobacco column with atleast a portion of the wrapper so that at least one discretely treatedarea substantially surrounds the tobacco column between the ends of thewrapper-surrounded tobacco column so that as a coal of a burning tobaccofirecone advances by said at least one treated area, the smoking articleself-extinguishes if left on a surface.
 133. The method according toclaim 132 wherein said ingredient is a lithium containing compound. 134.The method according to claim 132 wherein said lithium containingcompound is lithium chloride in an amount that facilitates thedissolution of said permeability reducing substance in saidnon-derivatizing solvent mixture while upon burning the characteristicof ash for the untreated area and the at least one treated area issubstantially the same.
 135. The method according to claim 132 whereinsaid organic component is at least one of dimethylacetamide (DMAC) andN-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
 136. The method according to claim 134wherein said organic component is at least one of dimethylacetamide(DMAC) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
 137. The method according to claim132 wherein said permeability reducing substance is a pore fillingsubstance thereby reducing permeability of the at least one treatedarea.
 138. The method according to claim 132 wherein said permeabilityreducing substance is a film forming substance thereby reducingpermeability of said at least one treated area.
 139. The methodaccording to claim 132 wherein said permeability reducing substance is apolysaccharide including at least one of a starch, cellulose, chitosan,chitin, alginate and combinations thereof.
 140. The method according toclaim 132 wherein said permeability reducing substance is apolysaccharide including a cellulose.
 141. The method according to claim140 wherein the cellulose is substantially non-derivatized.
 142. Themethod according to claim 131 further including a filler.
 143. Themethod according to claim 142 wherein the filler is at least one ofclay, talc and calcium carbonate.
 144. The method according to claim 131further including at least one of reducing and redistributing said atleast one ingredient.
 145. The method according to claim 144 whereinsaid at least one of reducing and redistributing includes applyingwater.
 146. The method according to claim 145 further including at leastone of blotting and suctioning.
 147. A method for making a wrapper forsurrounding a tobacco column to create a smoking article including aleast one discrete area treated with a composition to reduce a basepermeability so that as a coal of a burning tobacco firecone advances bysaid at least one treated area, the smoking article self-extinguishes,the smoking article thereby having reduced ignition propensitycomprising: treating a plurality of discrete areas of paper having abase permeability with a composition initially comprising a permeabilityreducing substance initially dissolved in a solvent mixture initiallycomprising an organic component and at least one ingredient that as partof the solvent mixture is a self-association disruptor for thepermeability reducing substance, drying the discrete areas such that thediscrete areas have a reduced permeability in an amount equivalentobtained by applying between about 0.3 micrograms per square millimeterto about 1.2 micrograms per square millimeter of substantiallynon-derivatized cellulose applied using lithium chloride indimethylacetamide (DMAC) thereby forming a wrapper.
 148. A method formaking a smoking article having reduced ignition propensity comprising:treating a plurality of discrete areas of paper having a basepermeability with a composition initially comprising a permeabilityreducing substance initially dissolved in a solvent mixture initiallycomprising an organic component and at least one ingredient that as partof the solvent mixture is a self-association disrupter for thepermeability reducing substance, to form discrete areas that have areduced permeability in an amount equivalent to that obtained byapplying between about 0.3 micrograms per square millimeter to about 1.2micrograms per square millimeter of substantially non-derivatizedcellulose applied using lithium chloride in dimethylacetamide (DMAC),thereby forming a wrapper; surrounding a tobacco column with at least aportion of the wrapper so that at least one discretely treated area isfound between the ends of the wrapper-surrounded tobacco column so thatas a coal of a burning tobacco firecone advances by said at least onetreated area, the smoking article self-extinguishes if left on asurface; and adding a filter element to at least one end of the wrappersurrounded tobacco column.
 149. A package of smoking articles having areduced ignition propensity comprising: a package; twenty smokingarticles within said package, each smoking article comprising: a tobaccocolumn; a wrapper surrounding said tobacco column so that the smokingarticle includes an ignition end and a distal end; at least two spacedapart banded regions between the ignition end and the distal end havinga combustion characteristic substantially different from that of anunbanded region, the at least two banded regions being treated with acomposition in an amount equivalent to between about 0.3 micrograms persquare millimeter to about 1.2 micrograms per square millimeter ofsubstantially non-derivatized cellulose applied using lithium chloridein dimethylacetamide (DMAC); and a distance from the ignition end to theat least one band of each smoking article being at least one ofsequentially related, random and quasi-random within the populationwithin the package.
 150. A grab sample of smoking articles having areduced ignition propensity comprising: a plurality of smoking articles,each smoking article comprising: a tobacco column; a wrapper surroundingsaid tobacco column so that the smoking article includes an ignition endand a distal end; at least two spaced apart banded regions between theignition end and the distal end having a combustion characteristicsubstantially different from that of an unbanded region, the at leasttwo banded regions being treated with a composition in an amountequivalent to between about 0.3 micrograms per square millimeter toabout 1.2 micrograms per square millimeter of substantiallynon-derivatized cellulose applied using lithium chloride indimethylacetamide (DMAC); and a distance from the ignition end to the atleast one band of each smoking article being at least one ofsequentially related, random and quasi-random within the population.151. A cigarette paper for use in making a cigarette having reducedignition propensity comprising: a fibrous paper having a basepermeability, an untreated area and a treated area, the treated areabeing treated with a composition initially comprising a permeabilityreducing substance initially dissolved in a solvent mixture initiallycomprising an organic component and at least one ingredient that as partof the solvent mixture is a self-association disrupter for thepermeability reducing substance to reduce the base permeability so thatwhen the paper is made into a cigarette that is smoked, as a coal of aburning tobacco firecone advances by the treated area, the cigaretteself-extinguishes if placed on a surface, the composition comprising: apermeability reducing substance present in sufficient quantity to effectthe self-extinction; and a burn rate accelerating substance present insufficient quantity to cause a smoker's organoleptic experience to besubstantially indistinguishable from the organoleptic experience ofsmoking the untreated area of the cigarette.